toynbee
Civilizational Decline and Collapse Theories of civilizational decline and collapse, including Spengler, Toynbee, Sorokin, Tainter, Diamond, Diamond, and contemporary crises
declinecollapsespenglertoynbeesorokincrisispestilenceapocalypse
Classical Civilizational Theorists The works of Toynbee, Spengler, Sorokin, Quigley, Nelson, Kavolis, Coker, and other canonical thinkers in civilizational analysis toynbeesorokinspenglerquigleynelsonkavoliscokercivilizational-theory
Salzburg Conference and the Founders The 1961 Salzburg Conference that founded the International Society for the Comparative Study of Civilizations, with Toynbee, Sorokin and 24 other scholars salzburg-conferenceiscsc-founderssorokintoynbeeunesco